acceleration of particles

The relativistic solar particle event on 28 October 2021: Evidence of particle acceleration within and escape from the solar corona

*Aims.* We analyse particle, radio, and X-ray observations during the first relativistic proton event of solar cycle 25 detected on Earth. The aim is to gain insight into the relationship between relativistic solar particles detected in space and the …

First near-relativistic solar electron events observed by EPD onboard Solar Orbiter

*Context.* Solar Orbiter, launched in February 2020, started its cruise phase in June 2020, in coincidence with its first perihelion at 0.51 au from the Sun. The in situ instruments onboard, including the Energetic Particle Detector (EPD), operate …

The long period of $^3$He-rich solar energetic particles measured by Solar Orbiter 2020 November 17-23

We report observations of a relatively long period of 3He-rich solar energetic particles (SEPs) measured by Solar Orbiter. The period consists of several well-resolved ion injections. The high-resolution STEREO-A imaging observations reveal that the …

Connecting solar flare hard X-ray spectra to in situ electron spectra. A comparison of RHESSI and STEREO/SEPT observations

*Aims.* We aim to constrain the acceleration, injection, and transport processes of flare-accelerated energetic electrons by comparing their characteristics at the Sun with those injected into interplanetary space. *Methods.* We have identified 17 …